1. The zircon was calcined and transformed into zirconium tetrachloride. Zircon can be transformed into zirconium carbide by CO heating with carbon, then chlorinated to zirconium tetrachloride, and then reduced to zirconium metal by magnesium. The better method in industry is molten salt electrolysis with ZrCl4 or k2zrf6 as raw material.
ZrO2+3C=ZrC+2CO↑
ZrC+2Cl2=ZrCl4+C
ZrCl4+2Mg=Zr+2MgCl2
2. Zirconium carbide can be obtained by heating zircon with carbon in an electric furnace, and then coarse zirconium tetrachloride can be obtained by chlorinating zirconium carbide at 500 ℃. In order to separate hafnium, the crude zirconium tetrachloride was dissolved in water, and then hafnium was separated from the aqueous solution. A representative solvent extraction method is to use isohexanone as solvent. Hafnium oxide can be obtained by this method. Hafnium oxide is heated to 900 ℃ in the presence of carbon, and then chlorinated to form zirconium tetrachloride. Zirconium tetrachloride is purified by sublimation purification. Magnesium chloride, a by-product of magnesium reduction at about 850 ℃, can be removed by vacuum distillation at about 900 ℃, and finally spongy zirconium can be obtained. [9]
ZrSiO4+3C=ZrC+SiO2+2CO↑
ZrC+2Cl2=ZrCl4+C
ZrCl4+2Mg=Zr+2MgCl2
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